The three things that actually cause damage
Before any talk of products, there is an order of severity. Standing water first: a puddle at the foot of a tap, a wet cloth folded over an edge, a plant whose saucer overflows. The edge is the most vulnerable part of a panel, and it swells without warning.
Then heat placed straight onto the surface. A pan taken off the hob marks a lacquer in seconds and blooms a varnish. Finally products: anything abrasive, bleach-based or ammonia-based attacks the finish before it cleans the dirt.
Oiled and varnished wood want opposite things
Oiled wood is fed. The finish is in the wood, not on it, so it wears with use and gets renewed: another coat once or twice a year on a heavily used worktop, less often elsewhere. The good news is that a scratch sands out locally and disappears.
Varnished wood is protected. The film sits on the wood, not in it. While it is intact nothing gets through; once it is pierced, water gets in and you cannot repair one area without it showing. Never oil a varnished surface: the oil stays on top and goes sticky.
If you no longer know which one you have, a drop of water settles it. On a varnish it beads and stays round. On oiled wood it spreads and darkens the wood slightly, then the mark goes as it dries.
Lacquer: the most beautiful and the least forgiving
A lacquer is cleaned with warm water and a microfibre cloth, and nothing else. No scouring pad, not even the soft side, no cream cleaner, no glass cleaner on matt lacquers. The damage is almost always done by a product, rarely by use.
Matt lacquers mark more than gloss ones because the light reveals the slightest burnishing. Repeated rubbing in one spot eventually creates an area shinier than the rest, and that shine does not come off: it is retouched in the workshop.
Worktops: what each material forgives
Natural stone is porous. Red wine, olive oil and lemon leave a mark if you let them sit, and limestone dulls on contact with acid. It is treated with a sealer, renewed according to use.
Compact laminate is the most indifferent day to day: it minds neither water nor most stains. What it does mind is a deep scratch, which cannot be repaired. Solid wood, by contrast, can always be repaired, which makes it the longest-lived worktop of all, as long as you accept that it lives.
- Stone: seal it, and wipe acids and oils off quickly.
- Compact laminate: a chopping board is compulsory, everything else is allowed.
- Solid wood: oil it regularly, sand locally after an accident.
The yearly adjustment almost nobody does
A door that rubs or a drawer that no longer closes square is not a manufacturing fault, it is an adjustment. Hinges adjust on three axes with a crosshead screwdriver, and nearly all runners have a correction wheel under the drawer.
One pass around the kitchen or the wardrobe once a year, tightening and realigning, prevents most of what eventually breaks. A badly adjusted unit wears fast, because the weight goes through the hardware instead of through the carcass.
What is repaired and what is remade
Repaired in place: an adjustment, replaced hardware, a redone seal, a refreshed oil coat, a scratch in oiled wood.
Remade in the workshop: a damaged lacquered door, lifted veneer, an edge swollen by water. We rebuild the affected piece to the original dimensions without touching the rest of the unit, because the shop drawings are kept.

